Audience Effects Theory

 1) Write a definition of a passive audience.

A passive audience  is the view that audience passively take in information from the media and that it has the same on everyone. They also accept the preferred reading and don't challenge it.

2) Write a definition for an active audience.

This is the more modern and generally accepted view than audiences choose and interact with the media they consume, An active audience can be able to  the message and make sense of the message based on their personal opinion.

3) Write a definition of the hypodermic needle theory:

This is the suggestion that audiences are always passive and therefore take the interpreted message from the producers as it if it was injected into their minds. 

CONS

.This assumes no individual difference in audience members. It was also believed in the 1930's that the media was this powerful.     

  E.G. H.G Wells 'war of the worlds' radio podcast created mass hysterical and moral panic.  

4) Write down a media product for each catergory of Blumler  and Katz  Uses and Gratifications and why it fits into that particular audience. 

   INFORMATION/ SURVEILLANCE: The times newspaper > why: It tells audience important information about politics , the world and more.

Personal identity: Podcast >why: It allows people to share their experiences and opinions of the world.

 DIVERSION/ENTERTAINMENT: >Black widow Why: It's unrealistic and allows the audience to feel as if they're out of this world (escapism).

RELATIONSHIPS: soap era( dynasty, greys anatomy) Why: It's a show with a lot of seasons so it allows the audience to watch it for a longer time because you care about what happens to long-standing characters.

5) Re-watch the clip from Blue Planet above and write a paragraph analysis how elements of the clip offer the audience pleasures or gratification.

The audience may enjoy watching documentaries such as Blue Planet 2: The prequel to feel as if they are escaping reality as it's a documentary that focuses on the depths of the sea, which the audience may not experience in their daily lives. Therefore, the audience will feel as if they're being diverted away from their normal lives. This sense of diversion is a type of use and gratification created by Blumer and Katz DIVERSION/ENTERTAINMENT. The audience also may not be educated about wide-life and are plant so it allows the audience to learn new information that they may have not known before. INFO/SURVEILLANCE.